Telescope-support.



W. A. BERGER.

TELESCDPE SUPPORT.

APPucATmN men ma. 21. 1914.

1 179,271 Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

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wage@ div/awo( 45% v THE COLUMBIA PLMIIOGIAPH co., WASHINGTON, D. C.

VY. A. BERGER. TEVLESCOPE SUPPORT. APPucATloN fum FEB. 21. 1914.

1,179,271. Patented Apr.11,1916'.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2` THE COLUMNA PLANDGRAPH co., WASHINGTON.' D. c.

W. A. BERGER.

TELESCOPE SUPPORT. APPucATIvoN FILED FEB. 2|, 19,14.

1,179,271. Patented Apr-.11,1916

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THE CoLuMulA vLnNoGRAPk-l co., WASHINGTON, D. c.

` UMTED STATES Parar i WILLIAM A. BERGER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS,

TnLEscoPE-surronr.

Specification of Letters Patent. Ptnted Apr, 11, 1916.

Application filed February 21, 19,14. Serial No. 820,276.

To all whom t may concern: i

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. BERGER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Telescope Supports, ofk

which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specication, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My present invention is a telescope supj port, and its object is to improve and perfect supporting standards and adjustmentsrately, readily, and economically made than v has'heretofore been possible. A

A further important feature of the invention is to secure the advantages of lateral adjustments, both of the supportingv standards and of the trunnions or pivotal support of the telescope in said standards, without the necessity of providing slides, guideways, adjusting screws, and the like. It will be readily appreciated that the manufacture of a plurality of slideways in instruments of precision requires great care in alining and truing all such slideways and all the bearings thereof, and my present invention obviates these objections and enables all such adjustments to be made more simply, quickly, and accurately than by such slideways, kas heretofore.

In my present improved construction, I

prefer to form the telescope supports in twol sections, with the lower base portion planed of smooth and true, and the corresponding contacting face of the upper portion simi- `larly planed to rest upon the lower portion,

and these two portions of each support are then secured together bygany suitable means, v

preferably a screw passing through an enlarged vopening in the lower part and threading into a tapped socket in the upper portion. This construction enables me, at any time, to true up the entire support byremoving the upper portion and replaning the lower face, either at a slight bevel or peri fectly horizontal, itl being a very simple machine operation to so plane the face of a support thus removed, for truing the-support. 'Ifhisconstructiom furthermore, is of spe'-y cial advantage n enabling the telescope support of a transit, for example, which has been bent or distorted in use, to be again trued into precise' Vsupporting relation whereas heretofore the entire standard would have to be discarded and a new one substituted, as it is 'impossible from a manufacturing standpoint to straighten or true up a bent and distorted casting.

A further feature of the' invention is the 'simple means of adjusting, the telescope,

relatively .with the supports, by laterally sliding'the trunnions of the telescope, to bring the telescope itself into the line of collimation.

V'Other features ofl the present invention are the provision of an improved watershedding base, reinforced standards to carry heavy telescopes, and more firm and accurately wearing pivotal bearings for the telescope trunnions. I also provide a simple and novel form of locking and clamping nuts to hold the telescope in adjusted position, without disturbing the adjustment to which it has been set.

Other features of the invention,l novel combinations of parts, and details of construction will be l.hereinafter more fully pointed out and claimed. I

Referring to the drawings,.illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure l is a plan view of the improved base, with the supporting standards and the telescopefremoved; Fig. -2 is an end view, partly in cross section, of the telescope` in its vbear- V ings; Fig. 3 is a side view, onthesame scale, of a pair 0f the supporting standards and a fragmentary view 0f the telescope; and Fig. tis a fragmentary view of the base, partly in section. y j

In the manufacture -of instruments of pre? cision, suchy as transits, and the like, during the past fifteen years, there has been a very pronouncedincreasein weight, owing to thel increased power, heavier telescopes, etc., so that the forms vof supporting standards heretofore utilizedl werel unsuited for' modern usage. A mere increase in size of the supporting standards, .to j carry this l increased weight, would be highly objectionable as rendering theVentire instrument too tion at opposite sides, thoseindicated at 2 and 3 being for one pair of standards l4 and 5 (see Fig. 3) and the opposite pair 'and'" in proper form to secure the water-sheddingl eii'ect, 1t will be understood that I may provide suitable bosses thereonI for thev usual `Vernier openings, plate levels etc., if desired, bosses for the supporting standards being cast in the plate as shown. The bosses for" the standards are formed in suitable-posi- Tbeing for a corresponding supporting pair,

one, 8, being shown in Fig. 2. I preferto make the base 1 with its walls substantially parallel'with the outer contour as indicated in Fig. 4, and partly in cross section in Fig;

2, and to provide a flange 9to receive the horizontal compass 10. Underneath each supporting boss on the base 1 is a'shoulder, as shown at 11 in Fig. 4, to provide a-horizontal face 12 upon which they head'13 of' a screwy 14 may bear, which is adapted/to pass loosely through a vertical apertureA 15l ineach boss and be tapped into a correspondingly threaded opening'lG in thead-A jacentlower end of the standards. Eachof the bosses 2, 3, G, and 7 has its topmostf face 17- planed true and preferably in a perfect horizontal plane and the abutting face 18 of each ofthe upper' supporting'standards is similarly planed true to fit the lower face 17 and afford a firm, solid, compact bearing.

The screw 14 engaging the end portion ofi the top standards and drawing up tightly will hold the same in irm and solid position on the base 1 and yet'enable the standards to be easily removed and the faces 18' thereon trued or planed to fit.v If'desired*v a' limited adjustment'can be secured by thisv planing, a slight'bevel being planedto` draw the'supporting'standards 4 and'5for eX- ample, inwardly or outwardly, a slight' bevell at this low point effecting a considerable range. of adjustment at its topmost point where the journal bearings forY the telescope are mounted. I prefer to form thesupp'orting'standards 4 and 5 of substantially U- shaped form, the opening of the U being inwardlyI so as to secure the beneiitofthe water shedding feature in these standards. The lower end "of each standard is 'formed solid to receive the tapped 4opening '16' and threaded end of the as ywellas in the base.

securing bolt 14,A as'already explained. I

.also prefer to` form 'each pairrofsupporting' standards with a `solid cross brace 19, this construction affording great rigidity with a minimum of metal and weight. The upper part of each pair of standards, see Fig. 3,

carries the usual sliding journal box 20 and 'f adjusting screw 21 therefor, and a cap piece 22 held in position by the screws 23 and 24 as is customary. lI-Iowever, I form the outer facesof the boX 20V and cap 22 true and smooth to act as a bearing for the lock nut 25, as will be described. I prefer to employ the usual Y type of bearing forv the trunnions26 and 27 f ofthe telescope 28, but so form the bearing trunnions and retaining nuts to secure a lateral pressing effect' on the standards and prevent any lateral or sidev play when aheavy instrument'is being carried.. The-end of each trunnion is reduced-at its bearings, 29, and the outer' end is still further reduced and threaded at' 30, to receive a' locking nut 31, shown at the left in Fig.l 2. Thisv form'of locking nut is intended to close the end' of the bearing to protect the same from the weather, and has itsinner` face 32 true andismooth tobear against the correspondingv face of the boX 20"*andcap 223 The threading on of these locking nuts serves to adjust the telescope laterally and-'secure itin the correctline of collimation. This lateral adjustment is easily, readily andlquickly secured without' slides, adjusting screws, ory other complex mechanism, andfwhen the desired adjustment is secured the locking nut is locked in position without displacing it by having a saw lrerf 33 for substantially one-half its diameter and a set screw 34 passing freely through the outer part and being tapped into the inner more rigid half, as indicated at 35, Fig. 2. Where it is desired to extend the threaded trunnion 30'suiiciently to receive an auxiliary telescope, as is often the case in mine work, I provide a different type of locking nut, shown at 25, this being an ordinary open lockingy nut, also formed'with a saw kerf 36y therein, and provided with a tightening screw 37 lto retain the nut locked in adjusted positionI inA a manner' similar to that just described with regard tothev nut 31. A suficient amount of play between the bearing andthe thicker part of the'trunnions to permit this lateral adjustment is 'shown at 38.

The adjustment of the nutsy 25 or 31 and the locking of these nuts in eXact adjusted position is `of especial importance, as 'such locking in no way disturbs the adjustment already obtained,I and these nuts are preferably tightened so as to permit the oscillation of the telescope 28 on its trunnions without any appreciable lateral movement or play. The locking' nuts are therefore formed with the heavier and more rigid portions adjacent the bearing faces with which -they contact, and on which they have a rotatable action, the less rigid outer portions of each nut being depressed or sprung sufliciently to lock the nut on the threaded portion 30 of the trunnion by the tightening of the screws either 37 and 34 depending on whether the locking nut is a closed cap like 31 or open like 25.

I prefer to forma bead 39 where the supporting bosses meet, and may also ornament the outer ends of the contacting faces of each standard, and its boss, as indicated at 40, Fig. 2, in order to cover up the same. Il desired, I may form the boss of slightly greater diameter than that of the contacting standard, so as to taper or fine down the fermer over the latter after the pieces are rigidly secured to thus cover up the joint, and may then further ornament the same as indicated at 4:0 so that the entire standard has the appearance of a single integral piece with the base l, and yet is readily removable therefrom.

It will be readily appreciated that in manufacturing as Well as in subsequently truing up an instrument which has been distorted in use, the construction permitting the detachment of the supporting standards from the base and truing up and re-planing the respective contacting faces, permits of a considerable range in adjustment. Furthermore this re-planing may be easily, quickly, and accurately accomplished at a minimum of expense and labor, and furthermore enables a bent or distorted standard to be trued up and replaced, whereas formerly a similarly distorted standard would have to be entirely discarded. The additional features of the water-prooiing structure, increased strength with light weight and simplicity of lateral adjustment of the telescope are advantages which will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. Furthermore each standard may be separately and independently trued and adjusted, which is very important from the manufacturing standpoint.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. A telescope support, comprising a pair of supporting standards, trunnions on said telescope adapted to rest on said standards, and adjusting nuts on each trunnion bearing upon said supports to adjust the telescope Ahorizontally with relation to said comprising a pair of supporting standards,

trunnions on said telescope adapted to rest on said standards, comprising threaded end portions on the trunnions, a self-locking nut adapted to be threaded thereon and bear on the outer surface of its adjacent supporting standard, said nut having a threaded engaging portion adapted to be distorted into binding position on said threads when the telescope has been adjusted for collimation, whereby the nut is locked without distorting the said adjustment.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM A. BERGER.

Witnesses i JAMES R. HoDDER,

R. J. HERSEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

